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Francesco Guicciardini (; 6 March 1483 – 22 May 1540) was an Italian historian and statesman. A friend and critic of Niccolò Machiavelli, he is considered one of the major political writers of the Italian Renaissance. In his masterpiece, ''The History of Italy'', Guicciardini paved the way for a new style in historiography with his use of government sources to support arguments and the realistic analysis of the people and events of his time. ==Early life== Francesco Guicciardini was born 6 March 1483 in Florence, now in Italy; he was the third of eleven children of Piero di Iacopo Guicciardini and Simona di Bongianni Gianfigliazzi. The Guicciardini were well-established members of the Florentine oligarchy as well as supporters of the Medici. Influential in Florentine politics, Guicciardini's ancestors had held the highest posts of honor in the state for many generations, as may be seen in his own genealogical ''Ricordi autobiografici e di famiglia''.〔Op. med. vol. x.〕 Piero Guicciardini had studied with the philosopher Marsilio Ficino, who stood as his son's godfather. Like his father, Francesco received a fine humanist education and studied the classics, learning both Latin and a little Greek.〔Alison Brown, Introduction to Francesco Guicciardini, ''Dialogue on the Government of Florence'' (Cambridge: 1994), p.vii〕 The boy was sent by his father to study law at the Universities of Ferrara and Padua, where he stayed until the year 1505.〔"Francesco Guicciardini" in ''Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani'', Vol. 61 (2004)〕 The death of an uncle, who had occupied the see of Cortona, induced the young Guicciardini to seek an ecclesiastical career. His father, however, "thought the affairs of the Church were decadent. He preferred to lose great present profits and the chance of making one of his sons a great man rather than have it on his conscience that he had made one of his sons a priest out of greed for wealth or great position."〔Guicciardini ''Ricordi'', Trans. by Margaret Grayson in Cecil Grayson, ed. ''Francesco Guicciardini, Selected Writings'', (London: 1965), p. 132〕 Thus, the ambitious Guicciardini once again turned his attention to law. At 23, he was appointed by the Signoria of Florence to teach legal studies at the Florentine Studio. In 1508, he married Maria Salviati, the daughter of Alamanno Salviati, cementing an oligarchical alliance with the powerful Florentine family. In the same year, he wrote the ''Memorie di famiglia'', a family memoir of the Guicciardini family, the ''Storie Fiorentine'' (''The History of Florence''), and began his ''Ricordanze'', a rudimentary personal chronicle of his life.〔Mark Phillips, ''Francesco Guicciardini: The Historian's Craft'', (Toronto, 1977).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Francesco Guicciardini」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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